Economic and Environmental Impacts of Grid-Connected Solar Energy

Abstract

The evaluation of renewable energy systems' efficacy heavily relies on resource optimization. Researchers have used
a variety of techniques to size and plan grid-connected photovoltaic installations. In this study, we have developed a
rule-based energy management method to determine the optimal size of a grid-connected photovoltaic system, the
amount of energy received from the grid, and the amount of energy given to the external utilities at the same time.
The proposed rule-based energy management system considers both the PV system's economic and non-economic
characteristics. In order to maximize profits for developers and customers, three competing target functions are taken
into consideration: minimizing the overall estimated system costs, which include investment, replacement, and
operation and maintenance expenses. Customers' ideal size and electricity costs are examined in relation to popular
EV models on the market. A number of sensitivity studies are used, taking into account changes in the retail price,
feed-in tariff, and grid constraints. To confirm that the constructed model produces the best results, uncertainty
analysis based on fluctuations in load, temperature, and insolation is presented.