An Energy Conservation Technique Utilizing FPGA in Dynamic Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have evolved as a transforming tool for large-scale monitoring. WSNs are becoming
more and more popular and employed in many different fields, including academic research, environmental
monitoring, industrial, military, and surveillance, due to the rising accessibility and sophistication of the underlying
technology. The complexity of such applications requires changes in node requirements, which generates Dynamic-
WSN (D-WSN). This work presented an Energy Conservation Technique (ECT) used on DWSN utilizing FPGA. For
improved operational efficiency, a sensor node could need customization. Therefore, dynamic methods stress enabling
a WSN to control energy consumption to improve lifetime, fidelity, and latency. Under Variable Voltage Frequency
Conversion (VVFC), the proposed architecture describes the conception and implementation of ECT for WSN under
control by a cooperative, customized unit (CCU) with concurrent execution capability on an FPGA. The CCU is based
on adjusting operating system (OS) amplification using specialized hardware and then applying it to a soft-core
microprocessor (SCMP). This device will reduce the CPU complexity of deploying processor-based sensor nodes in
the operating system. The energy control unit controls hardware peripherals, manages the CPU clock, and configures
them suitably, depending on the hardware needs of the operations.