Choosing Proper Cluster Heads to Reduce Energy Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Gravitational Force Algorithm

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks, as a new generation of real time and embedded systems, have been very applicable in situations that using traditional networks is not possible. However, they are calculation, energy and memory limited. As the energy is really a big challenge in these networks, using different types of clustering models have been introduced to address this problem. In these structures, the sensor nodes are grouped in some clusters and in each cluster a central node is chosen as cluster head. Choosing a proper cluster head has a significant impact on reducing power consumption which increases network lifetime. In this paper, a new approach based on Gravitational force algorithm has been proposed to achieve a good clustering model and choosing proper cluster heads. The proposed approach is based on three main descriptors, energy, distribution and data integrity. The simulation results illustrate that the network lifetime was increased significantly in comparison with other strategies which use local information to choose the cluster heads